Electric motor



Sept. 18, 1923. l 1,463,150?

G. c; MARX ELECTRIC MOTQE original Filed Aug.. 24, 1917 2 sheets-sheet 1Sept. 18 1923.

G. c. MARX ELECTRIC MOTOR Original Filed Aug. 24, 1917 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Patented Sept. 18, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAVE C. MARX, OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO DIEHL MANUFACTUR-ING CO., OF ELIZABETH, JERSEY, A. CORPORATION 0F JERSEY.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

Application' led August 24, 1917, vSerial No. 187,969. Renewed September29, 1922. Serial No. `591,399.

To all whom it may comem:

v Be it known that I, GUs'rAvE C. MARX, a citizen -of the United States,residing at Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey,have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Motors, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to electric motors.

Electric motors are often mounted directly upon the frame of the machinewhich is to kbe driven by the motor. For instance it has been proposedto mount a sewing machine motor directly upon the standard of the sewingmachine. In such cases it is important that the motor be so constructedand so associated with the frame of the machine to be driven that itwill project but a small distance from the frame. In other words, themotor shouldv have but a smalloverhang. The motor should also be compactand simple in construction.

One object of this invention is to provide an improved electric motorwhich is simple and compact in construction.

Another object is to provide la motor which will project only a smalldistance from the frame of the machine to which the motor is attached.

Another object is to provide an electric motor whose armature issupported at one end only.

' Another ob'ect is to provide an electric motor whose field structuremay be applied to the bearing frame as a unit.

Other objects will appear as the specifi cation proceeds.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a transverse section through a portion of a sewing machineframe showing the improved motor associated therewith; 'r

Figure 2 is a horizontal section of a portion of the motor takenon theaxis of the motor armature; and

yFigure 3 is a perspective view showing` lthe motor disassembled inorder to make clear the construction of each' part.

The motor comprises in general a frame which supports the field core andwindings. This frame houses the bearings in which the armature shaft isjournaled, both of the bearings being located at one side of the motor.When the motor is supported on the frame of the machineto be driven,that side of the motor frame having the bearings is inserted in theframe of the driven machine causing the motor to project only a Smalldistance from the frame of the driven machine. This is due to the factthat at the outer side ofthe motor there is rio-bearing for thearmatureshaft and therefore the overhang of the motor is reduced. Thiscompactness which lessens the overhang of the motor is lfurtherincreased \by employing a disc commutator located at the journaled endof the armature. The commutator cooperates with brushes housed withinthe bearing frame at points adjacent tothe lateral face of thecommutator. A cover incloses the outer side of the motor and causes themotor to present a neat ap l pearance, and also causes the externallines of the `motor to be in symmetry with the lines of the frame of thedriven machine.

In the drawings, the frame of the motor is shown at 1. It comprises ahollow cy lindrical portion 2 and a rearwardly extending bearing portion3. The .field structure which is denoted generally by the. referencecharacter 4 (lFig. 3) is adapted to be secured to the outer edge of thecylindrical part 2 of the frame 1. The armature 5 is adapted to bepositioned in coaxial relation with the frame 2 and field structure 4,and the shaft 6 of the armature is adapted to be rotatably' supported inthe bearing boxes 7 and 8 ofthe frame 1. A cover 9 telescopes over thefield structure 4 and the cylindrical portion 2 of the frame 1, therebyenclosing the interior vparts of the motor.

More specifically considered the different parts of the motor areconstructed as follows The body of the frame 1 may be cast in one piece.It is so cast that the inner surface oi the cylindrical portion 2 isprovided with bosses 10 in which are drilled the bolt holes 11 thatreceive the boltsfor fastening the field structure to the part 2.Suitable-lugs or projections 12, ormed on the part 2, serve as guides toproperly position the field structure in true coaxial relation with thepart 2.

The bearing boxes 7 and 8 are l rovided with bushings 13 in which thesha t of the armature is journaled. Oil cups 13 may be provided forsupplying lubricant to the armature shaft at the points where it isjournaled in the bushings 13.

A projection 14 is formed at each side of the part 3 of the frame 1andin each of these projections is housed one of the brush supports. Thebrushes are shown at 15 1n Figure 2 and may be a cylindrical piece ofcarbon. Each brush is mounted in a metallic sleeve 16 so that it canslide longitudinally in the sleeve. A coil spring 17 yieldingly urgesthe brush outwardly. The metallic sleeve 16 may be insulated from theframe by an insulting bushing 18, and the entire brush structure may beclamped in the projection or boss 14 by a set screw 19. The bearingframe, therefore, encloses and holds the supports for the brushes. Thetwo brushes project into the interior of the cylindrical part 2 of theframe 1 sufficiently tov make contact with the lateral face ofthearmature commutator 20, as shown in Figure 2.

The commutator 2() is of the disc type and comprises a plurality ofradially arranged commutator bars 37 held together and gripped by a bodyportion 21 made of bakelite. 'In order to reduce the length of thecommutator as much as possible, the supporting lug 38 on each commutatorbar is located at one side of the axis of the bar as shown in Figures 1and 2. Figure 2 shows the manner in which the'brushes engage the lateralface of the commutator.

The field structure 4 may comprise a laminated core 22, the punchings ofwhich are so shaped that when they are assembled the core has theconfiguratlon shown in the drawing; that is, the interior surface of thecore will be provided with bosses 23 containing the bolt holes 24through which pass the bolts 25 for holding the field structure inplace. Pole pieces 26 are also formed on the inner surface of the core22 and around these pole pieces are positioned the field coils 27. Arecess 28 is formed in the outside surface of the core 2 opposite eachpole piece to receive a cord or other fiexible member 29 that serves tohold the field coil in place. The field structure constitutes aunit initself which centered by the lugs 12 and held in place by the bolts 25.The cover 9 may be provided with one or more bayonet slots 30, each ofwhich cooperates with a pin 31 on the frame l to lock the cover inplace.

Figure 1 shows the parts of the motor assembled and lapplied to theframe of a sewing machine. t will be understood, however, that thesewing machine is shown only for exemplary purposes, as the motor may beapplied in a similar manner to the frame of numerous other machines. Thecylinl drical part 2 of the motor frame 1 fits into -a correspondingrecess 32 of the sewing maand .compact in construction.

chine frame, and the rear portion 3 of the motor frame projects into theinterior of ithesewing machine frame. The rear part 3 of the motor framemay be screwed to the rear part of the sewing machine -frame by one ormore screws 33. A worm 34 is secured to the armature shaft 6 at a. pointbetween the two bearing bushings 13. This worm meshes with a worm wheel35 mounted upon the'driving shaft 36 of the sewing 75 machine.

It will now be seen that a motor constructed as above described is verysimple It is particularly adapted for use in driving machines where it`is important that the motor should project but a small distance fromthe frame of the machine.

The feature of journaling only the inner endvof the armature lessens theoverhan g5 of the motor. This result is also furtherecgl by the use ofthe disc commutator of minimum length, and by housing the brushes in thebearing frame so that the housings for the brushes are in substantiallythe same vertical plane as the housing for the inner armature bea-ring.

The motor is completely enclosed and ma be so constructed that itsexternal lines wi l be in pleasing symmetry' with the lines of 95 thedriven machine.

One form of the motor has been speciliclly described herein forillustrative purposes only and the motor may take various other formswithout departing from the 10o scope of the invention as defined in theaccompanying claims.

1. An electric motor for use with a machine having a frame with anopening therein, comprising in combination a bearing and supportingmember for projecting into the opening into the machine frame and to besupported by the frame, a pair of bearings carried by said member, lanarmature shaft 11o completely supported near one end in said bearings,an armature mounted on said shaft, and a field carried by said member.

2. The combination with a driven machine having a frame with an openingtherein, of a support for mounting on Said frame having a bearing withinthe opening therein, a motor armature journaled only on one side in saidbearing, a motor field carried by said support. and a cominutator andbrushes positioned between said armature andV bearing.

3. An electric motor comprising a frame, an armature rotatably journaledtherein, a field structure Aadapted to be applied to and supported bysaid frame, means for securing the field structure to the frame andmeans to cen'ter the field structure with respect to the frame andarmature as it is applied to the frame. llo

',4. An electric motor comprising a frame, an armature rotatablyjournaled therein, a field structure adapted to be applied to saidframe, means for securing `the field structure t0 the frame and means toinsure that the field structure assumes a position in coaxial relationwith 'the amature when the field structure isapplied to the frame.v

5. An electric motor comprising a frame, a field unit adapted to besupported by and adjacent to said frame means lfor securing the fieldstructure to the frame and aprojection on said frame for centering thefield 4unit with respect t0 said frame.

6. The combination with the frame of a driven machine of a motorsupporting frame attached thereto and su ported thereby, a fieldstructure associate with the motor frame, an armature carried by themotor frame and having only its 4end which is adjacent the drivenmachine journaled in the motor frame, a disc commutatorat that end ofthe armature which is adjacent the frame of the driven machine,andvbrushes having holders embedded in the material of which the frameis made at points adjacent to the face of the commutator.

7. The combination with a machine, having a shaft to be driven, of amotor having an armature shaft arranged at an angle to the driven shaft,a supporting frame adapted to be telescopically applied to the machineand havin a pair of bearings within the machine, riving means arrangedbetween the bearings and interconnecting the driven and4 armature'shafts, an armature carried by the armature shaft and supported only bythe bearings in said frame, and a field structure supported by saidframe.

8. The combination with a machine to be driven of an electric motor comrising a supporting frame, a portion of wl ich telescopes into themachine to be driven, a bearing associated with the telescoping portionof the frame, an armature journaled only in said bearing, a fieldstructure associated with said frame, and drivin means associated withthe inner portion o the armature.

9. The combination with a machine having a shaft to be driven, of amotor composed of a plurality of separable and complete units comprisinga supporting frame unit adapted to be telescopically applied tov themachine, and having a bearing within the machine, an armature unit suprted wholly by said bearing, and a field unit supported by said frameunit.

10. The combination with a machine having a shaft to be driven, of amotor composed of a plurality of separable and complete units comprisinga suporting frame unit adapted to be te escopi ly applied to themachine, and having a bearing within having an annular portion to whicha field unit may be attached and a 'bearing portion at one side of saidannular portion, an armature journaled only in said bearing portion,`

and an annular field unit adapted to applied to said `annular portion oftheframe. 12. An electric motor comprising a frame having a lateralprojection adapted to tele.-

scope into the frame of the machine to be driven, a field structureassociated with the frame at one side thereof, an armature having ashaft which is journaled only in said projection, .and drivingY meansassociated with the armature shaft.

13. An electric motor having a sup rt with an opening thereinand a`substantially flat face, an armature carried by the su port andjournalled at one end only, a field ame secured to the supportandagainst the flat faceV thereof, and a field winding carried by theframe and extending into the opening of the support.

14. An electric motor comprising a supporting frame, an armature carriedby the frame and having a shaft 'ournaled at one end only in the frame,a fie d structure constituting av separate and complete unit attachableto the frame, a commutator carried by the shaft and located between thearmature and frame, commutator brushes located in openings in the frame,and a removable casing attached to and supported by the frame andenclosing the field structure, arma-ture and commutator.

15. An electric motor comprising a housing, a field structure supportedby the housing, an armature having a shaft journaled at one end only inthe housing, a commutator positioned tween the armature and the bearing,commutator brushes, and tubular brush supports insulated from andimbedded in the material of which the housing is made.

16. The combination'with the frame of a driven machine, of a motorsupporting -frame attached thereto and supported thereby, a fieldstructure supported y the motor frame, an armature carried by the motorframe and having only its end which is ad jacent the driven machinejournaled in the motor frame, a commutator at thaty end of the armaturewhich is adjacent the frame of the driven machine, and commutator'brushes having holders imbedded in the in a- GUSTAVE MARX.

